راهبردهای ایالات متحده در منطقه خلیج فارس (2020-2010)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

خلیج‌فارس منطقه راهبردی مهمی برای راهبرد کلان ایالات‌متحده و جایگاه آن به عنوان یک قدرت بزرگ است. منطقه خلیج‌فارس به طور سنتی در قلب منافع ایالات‌متحده قرار دارد؛ زیرا یکی از مهم‌ترین مناطق تولیدکننده نفت در جهان است. کشورهای شورای همکاری خلیج فارس، شرکای مهم نظامی برای ایالات متحده هستند و موافقت‌نامه‌های نظامی و امنیتی، فروش تسلیحات و ظرفیت‌سازی به عنوان عناصر ضروری تعامل ایالات متحده با شرکای خود در شورای همکاری خلیج فارس هستند. طرح مسئله این مقاله به بررسی اولویت‌های راهبردی ایالات متحده و نقش امنیتی این بازیگر در حوزه امنیت خلیج فارس می‌پردازد و همچنین نوع روابط امنیتی و نظامی میان شورای همکاری خلیج فارس و آمریکا را بررسی می‌کند. پرسش اصلی این تحقیق بدین‌صورت است که آیا راهبردهای متمایز ایالات متحده ثبات خلیج فارس را افزایش داده است یا اینکه این راهبردها عمدتاً بی‌ربط بوده‌اند؟ در این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از روش کیفی و از نوع مطالعه اسنادی، روندهای امنیتی ایالات‌متحده را که برای حفاظت از منطقه توسعه داده شده است، تجزیه و تحلیل می‌گردد که شامل موازنه فراساحلی و سرزمینی هست. فرضیه مسلط این نوشتار بر احیای مجدد موازنه فراساحلی به‌عنوان راهبرد جدید ایالات متحده برای امنیت خلیج فارس هست زیرا به نظر می‌رسد که به دلیل محدودیت‌ها و چالش‌های موجود، این تغییر برای راهبرد کلان واشنگتن مناسب‌تر است. یافته‌های تحقیق بیان می‌کند که شواهد واضحی مبنی بر اینکه تعهدات امنیتی ایالات متحده در خلیج‌فارس برای ثبات منطقه حیاتی است، یافت نمی‌شود.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

US strategies in the Persian Gulf region (2010-2020)

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Hamed Hoseini
PhD Student in International Relations. University of Guilan
چکیده [English]

The Persian Gulf is an important strategic region for the grand strategy of the United States and its position as a great power. The Persian Gulf region has traditionally been at the heart of US interests because it is one of the most important oil producing regions in the world. GCC countries are important military partners for the United States, and military and security agreements, arms sales, and capacity building are essential elements of US engagement with GCC partners. This article examines the strategic priorities of the United States and the security role of this actor in the field of security in the Persian Gulf, as well as the type of security and military relations between the GCC and the United States. The main question of this research is whether the distinctive US strategies have increased the stability of the Persian Gulf or whether these strategies have been largely irrelevant? This study, using the qualitative method and the type of documentary, US security trends that have been developed to protect the region are analyzed, which includes offshore and territorial balances. The dominant hypothesis of this paper is the resurgence of the offshore balance as a new US strategy for the security of the Persian Gulf, because it seems that due to the existing constraints and challenges, this change is more appropriate for Washington's overall strategy. The findings of the study indicate that there is no clear evidence that US security commitments in the Persian Gulf are critical to regional stability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Security
  • United States
  • Offshore balancing
  • Persian Gulf
  • Strategy

Smiley face

مراجع

منابع
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[1]. دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.                                       hamedhoseini@ut.ac.ir
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
[2]. Hegemonic
[3]. Strategic
[4]. Doctrine
[5]. Nixon
[6]. Carter
[7]. Clinton
[8]. Bush
[9]. Obama
[10]. Trump
[11].Ggrand strategy
[12]. Dynamics
[13]. Steve Yetiv
[14]. Katerina Oskarsson
[15]. Philipp Amour
[16]. System
[17]. Sara Bazoobandi
[18]. Offshore balancing
[19]. Intaernational security
[20]. Bbalance of power
[21]. Aanarchy
[22]. Competition
[23]. Mearsheimer
[24]. Walt
[25]. National security
[26]. Great power
[27]. Multi polar
[28]. Unipolar
[29]. Aasymmetric threats
[30]. Monarchies
[31].Tthe Saudi Arabia National Guard (SANG)
[32]. Defense Cooperation Agreements
[33]. Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA)
[34]. Istanbul Cooperation Initiative
[35]. NATO
[36]. Patriot
[37]. Raytheon
[38]. Lockheed Martin
[39]. Eurofighter
[40]. Tthe Gulf Security Dialogue (GSD)
[41]. Bbrigade plus
[42]. El-Sisi
[43]. Saad Hariri
[44]. Haftar
[45]. Mohammed bin Salman
[46]. Ddeterrence
مطالعات راهبردی آمریکا
دوره 3، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 10
شماره پیاپی 10 - تابستان 1402
اسفند 1402
صفحه 151-178

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 فروردین 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 دی 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 دی 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1402

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