سیاست خارجی و امنیتی آمریکا در بحران غزه (۲۰۲۴- ۲۰۲۳)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی (ره)، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی (ره)، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

بحران  اخیر غزه که بعد از عملیات طوفان الاقصی در 7 اکتبر  ۲۰۲۳ آغاز شد، یکی از پیچیده‌ترین تحولات در رابطه با مساله فلسطین و رژیم صهیونیستی می‌باشد. این بحران، به واسطه خشونت‌های مستمر، تخریب زیرساخت‌ها و نسل کشی رژیم صهیونیستی، توجه جامعه بین‌المللی را به خود جلب کرده است. تحولات در غزه، به‌ویژه درگیری‌های نظامی، وضعیت انسانی و تحولات سیاسی داخلی و منطقه‌ای، به ناچار موجب شکل‌گیری و تغییراتی در رویکردهای سیاست خارجی آمریکا شده است. لذا سؤال اصلی پژوهش عبارت از این است که سیاست خارجی و امنیتی آمریکا در بحران غزه طی سال‌های ۲۰۲۳ - ۲۰۲۴ مبتنی بر چه مؤلفه‌هایی بوده است‌؟ در پاسخ به سؤال فوق این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود که: «سیاست خارجی و امنیتی آمریکا در بحران غزه مبتنی بر تلاشی متناقض برای حفظ همزمان نقش و اعتبار خود به عنوان حامی حقوق بشر و دموکراسی و در عین حال تضمین منافع راهبردی و ژئوپلیتیکی رژیم صهیونیستی در منطقه بوده است که این تعارض ناشی از تعامل میان فشارهای داخلی مانند منافع گروه‌های لابی و اولویت‌های نخبگان سیاسی با نیاز به حفظ جایگاه استراتژیک آمریکا در سطح بین‌المللی و منطقه‌ای است» یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد این سیاست‌ها با اظهارات علنی در حمایت از حقوق فلسطینیان و مدیریت انتقادات بین‌المللی و اقدامات عملی در پشتیبانی قوی از رژیم صهیونیستی در قالب ارائه حمایت‌های مالی، نظامی، امنیتی و دیپلماتیک متجلی شده است. این تناقض آشکار میان گفتار و عمل، ارائه دهنده تصویر دوگانه‌ای از سیاست خارجی و امنیتی آمریکا در این بحران بوده است. این پژوهش با پذیرش مفروضه‌های روش کیفی  و با بهره‌گیری از رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی و با جمع آوری داده ها از طریق روش مطالعه اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای سامان یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The U.S. Foreign and Security Policy in the Gaza Crisis (2023-2024)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Abbasi 1
  • Fatemeh Damirchiloo 2
1 Department of International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran
2 Department of International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Abstract

The Gaza crisis, which erupted following the “Al-Aqsa Storm” operation on October 7, 2023, has become one of the most intricate crises in the history of international relations. This crisis, marked by ongoing violence, infrastructure devastation, and what many view as acts of genocide by the Israeli regime, has drawn intense attention from the international community. Developments in Gaza—especially military conflicts, the humanitarian situation, and internal and regional political shifts—have inevitably influenced U.S. foreign policy approaches and priorities. Thus, the primary research question posed here is: what are the foundational elements shaping U.S. foreign and security policy during the Gaza crisis from 2023 to 2024 ?To address this question, the following hypothesis is proposed: U.S. foreign and security policy in the Gaza crisis is driven by a paradoxical attempt to simultaneously uphold its role and credibility as a defender of human rights and democracy, while also safeguarding the strategic and geopolitical interests of the Israeli regime in the region. Research findings indicate that these policies manifest through a dual approach: on one hand, public statements supporting Palestinian rights and managing international criticism, and on the other, substantive support for the Israeli regime in the form of financial, military, security, and diplomatic aid. This apparent contradiction between discourse and action creates a dualistic image of U.S. foreign and security policy in this crisis.This study employs both quantitative and qualitative analysis within the scientific framework, utilizing a descriptive-explanatory approach and gathering data through library research and documentation methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Gaza Crisis
  • Foreign Policy
  • Strategic Interests
  • Israeli Regime
  • United States

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