Abedi, A. and Aslani, A. (2021). Iran and the Global Transition of Power: Perspectives and Viewpoints. Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, 12(33), 217-236. doi: 10.22034/irfa.2021.145390.
Acharya, A., Estevadeordal, A., & Goodman, L. W. (2023). Multipolar or multiplex? Interaction capacity, global cooperation and world order. International Affairs, 99(6), 2339-2365.
Ajorlou, H. (2021). A New US Foreign Policy; The Decline from a Superpower to a Great World power. American Strategic Studies, 1(2), 93-109. doi: 10.27834743/ASS.2018.1017. [In Persian]
Alenezi, D. A. (2024). US rebalance strategy to Asia and US-China rivalry in South China Sea from the perspective of the offensive realism. Review of Economics and Political Science, 9(2), 102-115.
Allison, G. (2017). Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides’s Trap?. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
Amiri, M & Ghafarizadeh, M7. (2024). The Next Century - The Asian Century: Opportunities and Challenges for the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Majlis Research Center (MRC), Serial No. (18967). [In Persian]
Antony, S. (2023). Diversification of BRICS: emerging economic and geopolitical shift. Strategic Analysis, 47(6), 565-570.
Aron, L. (2025). The Iran-China-Russia Axis Crumbles When It Matters. The Atlantic, Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2025/06/iran-china-russia-axis-crumbles/683369/, 2025/05/29.
Ashford, E & Cooper, E. (2023). Yes, the World Is Multipolar, Foreign Policy, Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/10/05/usa-china-multipolar-bipolar-unipolar/, 2023/10/05.
Bagheri Dolatabadi, A. (2025). U.S. decline, China's rise, technology, soft power, economy, artificial intelligence. American Strategic Studies, 4(4), 69-105. doi: 10.47176/asr.2025.1270. [In Persian]
Bagheri Dolatabadi, A. and Taghvaeipoor, R. (2024). Factors Affecting the Pursuit of Looking East in the Foreign Policy of Ebrahim Raisi Administration. Iranian Research letter of International Politics, 13(1), 125-101. doi: 10.22067/irlip.2024.80298.1350. [In Persian]
Baker, J. (2025). Is China’s cross-border payments network on the rise?. FXC Intelligence, Available at: https://fxcintel.com/research/analysis/cips-growth-may-2025, 2025/06/04.
Bazoobandi, S., Heibach, J., & Richter, T. (2024). Iran’s foreign policy making: consensus building or power struggle?. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 51(5), 1044-1067.
Biden, JR. (2023a). Biden bans range of US high tech investments in China citing national security risk. The guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/09/biden-executive-order-us-investment-chinese-technology, 08/09/2023.
Biden, JR. (2023b). Biden orders ban on certain US tech investments in China. Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/world/white-house-detail-plans-restricting-some-us-investments-china-source-2023-08-09/.
Blanchette, J & Hillman J, E. (2020). China’s Digital Silk Road after the Coronavirus, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Available at: https://www.csis.org/analysis/chinas-digital-silk-road-after-coronavirus, 2020/04/13.
C.Allen, Gregory. (2023). China Is Striking Back in the Tech War With the U.S., TIME, Available at: https://time.com/6295902/china-tech-war-u-s/, 2023/07/20.
Calabrese, J) .2022). China’s Health Silk Road and the BRI Agenda in the Middle East The Middle East Institute, Available at: https://www.mei.edu/publications/chinas-health-silk-road-and-bri-agenda-middle-east#_ftn6, 2022/01/11.
Cengiz, S. (2020). Saudi foreign policy towards China in the Post-Arab uprisings era: a neo-classical realist approach. Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 14(1), 51-67.
CGTN. (2023). China releases plan for Shenzhen-Hong Kong sci-tech zone, Available at: https://news.cgtn.com/news/2023-08-29/China-releases-plan-for-Shenzhen-Hong-Kong-sci-tech-zone-1mFypS2og7K/index.html, 2023/08/29.
Chu, J., Fang, C., & Lai, K. P. (2025). Reshaping state-finance-tech nexus through central bank digital currencies: the case of the mBridge project. Finance and Space, 2(1), 281-304.
Cirillo, F & et al. (2021). The Future of the Digital Order, Center for new American security. Available at: https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/the-future-of-the-digital-order, 2021/11/17.
Degterev, D. (2019). Multipolar world order: Old myths and new realities. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations.
Dehghani Firouzabadi & zabihi,R . (2024). Iran and the New World Order; Challenges and opportunities. International Quarterly of Foreign Relations, 16(1), 1-26. doi: 10.22034/fr.2024.440842.1488. [In Persian]
Desch, M. C. (2025). Balancing Away from War: How the USA and China Can Side-step the Thucydides’ Trap. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 18(2), 151-172.
Eyvazi, M. R. (2022). The Islamic Republic of Iran and the Future Scenarios Focused on American Power. American Strategic Studies, 2(1), 11-39. doi: 10.27834743/ASS.2018.1021 . [In Persian]
Fathollah-Nejad, A. (2021). Iran in an emerging new world order: From Ahmadinejad to Rouhani. Palgrave Macmillan.
Freifeld, Karen; Shalal, Andrea & Shepardson, David. (2023). Biden orders ban on certain US tech investments in China,Reuters Available at: https://translate.google.com/?hl=fa&sl=fa&tl=en&text=%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%20%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%20%D8%AF%D8%B1&op=translate, 2023/08/10.
Gökay, B., & Hamourtziadou, L. (2026). The war on Iran, the petrodollar, and US hegemony. Journal of Global Faultlines, 13(1), 3-8.
Grosse, R. Gamso, J. & Nelson, R. C. (2021). China’s rise, world order, and the implications for international business. Management International Review, 61(1), 1-26.
Hanif, F., Muzaffar, K., Perveen, K., Malhi, S. M., & Simjee, S. U. (2017). Glioblastoma multiforme: a review of its epidemiology and pathogenesis through clinical presentation and treatment. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 18(1), 3.
Ikenberry, G. (2008). The rise of China and the future of the west. Foreign affairs, 87(1), 23-37.
Ikenberry, G. J. (2011). The future of the liberal world order: Internationalism after America. Foreign affairs, 56-68.
Jargad, Sh & Kirit Javali, N. (2025). Central Bank Digital Currency: China’s First-Mover Advantage and Policy Pathways for India. Available at: https://csep.org/blog/central-bank-digital-currency-chinas-first-mover-advantage-and-policy-pathways-for-india/, 2025/12/19.
Jiggens, J. (2023). John Mearsheimer and the decline of US hegemony, Pearls and Irritions, Available at: https://johnmenadue.com/john-mearsheimer-and-the-decline-of-us-hegemony/, 2023/11/02.
Keshvarian Azad, M. (2026). The Ramadan War: From Accelerating Transitional Processes to the Cycle of Hegemonic Anxiety. Center for American Studies, 19 ⁄ 6 ⁄ 2026. [In Persian]
Kim, D. J. (2024). US protectionism and competition with China. The Washington Quarterly, 47(2), 71-86.
Kim, S. H. & Kim, S. (2023). China’s contestation of the liberal international order. The Pacific Review, 36(6), 1215-1240.
Larson, D. W. (2024). Is the liberal order on the way out? China’s rise, networks, and the liberal hegemon.
Lewis, J, A.(2021). The Future of the International System. Center for strategic & international studies, Available at: https://www.csis.org/analysis/future-international-system, 2021/08/30.
Liu, X. (2024). Coalition building and Sino–US competition in the digital era. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 17(4), 425-448.
Mearsheimer, J. J. (2019). Bound to fail: The rise and fall of the liberal international order. International security, 43(4), 7-50.
Mirtorabi,S S and Keshvarian azad,M . (2025). Saudi Arabia's Hedging Strategy in facing with US and China and its impact on Iran's national interests. International Quarterly of Foreign Relations, 17(1), 1-29. doi: 10.22034/fr.2025.478568.1580 . [In Persian]
Muggah, R.(2024). Why geopolitics matters more than ever in a multipolar world, World Economic Forum, Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2024/05/why-geopolitics-matters-more-than-ever-in-a-multipolar-world/, 2024/05/10.
Nye, J. S. (2023). After the liberal international order. In Soft Power and Great-Power Competition: Shifting Sands in the Balance of Power Between the United States and China (pp. 83-85). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Park, J. J. (2025). American coalition building of the US-led security network in the Indo-Pacific: US influence-building measures. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 1-16.
Parrat, C. F. (2018). Change in international order? An institutional analysis. European Journal of International Security, 1-19.
Patil, s & Gupta. (2024). The Digital Silk Road in the Indo-Pacific: Mapping China’s Vision for Global Tech Expansion. Observer Research Foundation, Available at: https://www.orfonline.org/research/the-digital-silk-road-in-the-indo-pacific-mapping-china-s-vision-for-global-tech-expansion, 2024/06/03.
Peoples, C. (2024). The liberal international ordering of crisis. International Relations, 38(1), 3-24.
Pesek, William. (2026). Iran’s Hormuz pain is China’s yuan gain. Asia Times, https://asiatimes.com/2026/03/irans-hormuz-pain-is-chinas-yuan-gain/, MARCH 24, 2026.
Peters, M. A. (2023). The emerging multipolar world order: A preliminary analysis. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 55(14), 1653-1663.
Pirani,S and Saeedi Rad,A . (2022). United States Political Decline; Backgrounds and Reasons. American Strategic Studies, 1(4), 149-167. doi: 10.27834743/ASS.2018.1019. [In Persian]
Proroković, D., & Stekić, N. (2024). New balance of power in the international relations and the role of China. Institute of International Politics and Economics; Faculty of Security, University; Sapienza University, Department of Political Science; Austin Peay State University.
Reuters. (2023). China to launch $40 billion state fund to boost chip industry, Available at: https://www.reuters.com/technology/china-launch-new-40-bln-state-fund-boost-chip-industry-sources-say-2023-09-05/.
Salameh, M. T. B(2024). Kuwait's Hedging Strategy Toward Iran and Saudi Arabia. Middle East Quarterly.
Sapio, F. (2025). China 2024–Preparing for future challenges through self-reliance. ASIA MAIOR, 36, 1-26.
Sattar, F., & Rasouli Sani Abadi, E. (2024). Feasibility of establishing the hegemonic security model in the West Asian region in the post-American era; Existing obstacles and challenges (2001-2024). American Strategic Studies, 3(3), 93-115. doi: 10.27834743/ASS.2405.1218.4. [In Persian]
Soliman, M. (2021). An Indo-Abrahamic alliance on the rise: How India, Israel, and the UAE are creating a new transregional order. Available at: https://www.mei.edu/publications/indo-abrahamic-alliance-rise-how-india-israel-and-uae-are-creating-new-transregional, 2021/07/27.
Takahashi, M. (2026). International Information Network Analysis. Sasakawa Peace Foundation, https://www.spf.org/iina/en/articles/takahashi_10.html, June 9,2026.
Torki, H. (2024). A new approach to power based on artificial intelligence (a case study of US-China competition from 2010 to 2023). American Strategic Studies, 4(2), 91-114. doi: 10.47176/asr.2024.1206. [In Persian]
Trademap. (2026). Trade around the world: China. https://www.trademap.org/en/.
Waltz Kenneth, N. (1979). Theory of international politics/Kenneth N. Waltz.–Michigan.
Wu, Rui, and Jun Zhao. (2020). The Continuous Weakening of Ideology in the Construction of China-Saudi Arabia Relations: A Historical Review. Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 14(4), 554-566.
Xuetong, Y. (2019). The age of uneasy peace: Chinese power in a divided world. Foreign Aff. 98, 40.
Zorri, D. M. (2023). Saudi Arabia and Iran in a multipolar global world order: Scenarios for the future of the middle east. Journal of Peace and War Studies, 60.
